Golden beetroot, tiger nuts and turmeric all have one thing in common – they’re labelled as superfoods. But what does this actually entail? We’re here to dive into the REAL nutritional heroes, along with pointing out some of the overhyped foods falsely put on a pedestal.

Superfoods are nutrient-dense foods that offer a wide array of health benefits due to their high concentrations of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other essential nutrients. Incorporating these powerhouse foods into your diet can contribute to overall wellbeing and support various bodily functions. But it’s worth noting the term "superfood" has its roots in marketing and does not have a strict scientific definition – so you might hear all manner of foods labelled as such, and that’s why we’re here to clear to separate the superfads from the superfoods. The term gained popularity in the late 20th century and can be traced back to the efforts of marketers and food industry professionals seeking to highlight certain foods' outstanding nutritional profiles. These foods were often rich in antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial compounds. The marketing of superfoods gained momentum as people became more interested in health and nutrition. It was fuelled by a growing awareness of the potential link between diet and well-being. Marketers capitalised on scientific studies highlighting the health-promoting properties of specific foods, and the term "superfood" was coined to emphasise their exceptional nutritional content.

While the concept of superfoods lacks a formal scientific definition, many foods commonly labelled as superfoods do indeed offer valuable nutrients and health benefits. However, it's essential to approach the term with some caution, as it is often used in marketing to promote certain products – but now that we know where it came from, let’s take a look at the criteria required to make it to the superfood list:

 

Nutrient Density: Superfoods are often rich in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and phytochemicals. They provide a concentrated source of these beneficial compounds relative to their calorie content.

Health Benefits: Superfoods are believed to offer various health benefits, such as supporting immune function, reducing inflammation, promoting heart health, and contributing to overall well-being. These potential benefits are often based on scientific research, but individual responses to foods can vary.

Rich in Antioxidants: Many superfoods contain high levels of antioxidants, which help combat oxidative stress and protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants are associated with a range of health benefits.

Diverse Nutrient Profile: Superfoods often boast a diverse array of nutrients, covering multiple categories such as vitamins, minerals, fibre, healthy fats, and plant compounds. This diversity contributes to their overall nutritional value.

Whole and Minimally Processed: Superfoods are typically whole, minimally processed foods. They are often plant-based, but certain animal-based foods can also be considered superfoods, such as fatty fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids.

Scientific Support: While not a strict requirement, many superfoods have been the subject of scientific studies that explore their potential health benefits. However, it's crucial to interpret research findings with nuance, as individual studies may have limitations.

Including a diverse range of superfoods in your diet can contribute to optimal health and wellbeing. However, it's crucial to remember that no single food can provide all the nutrients your body needs. A balanced and varied diet, along with a healthy lifestyle, remains the foundation for overall wellness. With that said, let’s take a look at some superfoods that actually live up to the descriptor.

Spirulina

This blue-green algae rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals. It is often considered a complete protein source, making it a popular addition to vegan and vegetarian diets. But in recent years, microalgae have been put in the limelight for their nutritious profile – and for good reason. This is because research shows they contain an exceptionally high amount of protein, antioxidants – these include beta carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, all known for their inflammation-fighting properties – making them not just good for getting our nutritional needs met, but for healing our gut too.

When It Became a Superfood: Spirulina has been recognised for its nutritional value for decades but gained superfood status in recent years as interest in plant-based protein sources grew. 

Broccoli

Humble old broccoli has long been considered a superfood, and with its nutrient density in vitamins C and K, fibre, and various antioxidants, it’s hardly a surprise. But what makes this veggie so special? In a recent study, researchers found that molecules in broccoli, known as aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, bind to a type of protein that then triggers a number of health-promoting activities that protect the intestinal cells in our gut. The result? Fewer infections, a stronger gut lining and microbiome. The study involved feeding one group of mice broccoli – 15% of their diet – and the other group had broccoli omitted. Their cells were then put under the microscope, with researchers finding the mice that missed out on their broccoli had a poorer intestinal barrier function, a greater build-up of food in the small intestine and fewer protective cells. So, add a bit of broccoli to your plate to boost your gut lining – these green veggies are worth the hype.

When It Became a Superfood: Broccoli has been considered a nutrient-dense vegetable for decades, gaining superfood status as interest in plant-based diets increased. 

Golden Beetroot

 

Golden beetroot, a vibrant yellow variety of beetroot, is rich in essential nutrients. It contains vitamins such as vitamin C, minerals like potassium, and dietary fiber.

Antioxidant Properties: Like red beets, golden beetroots contain antioxidants, including betalains, which may help combat oxidative stress in the body.

Anti-Inflammatory Potential: Some studies suggest that the compounds in beetroots, including betalains, may have anti-inflammatory effects, contributing to overall health.

Heart Health: The nitrates found in beetroots may support heart health by promoting vasodilation, potentially aiding in blood pressure regulation.

Tigernuts

Despite the name, tigernuts are not nuts; they are small tubers, also known as chufa. They have been consumed for centuries in various cultures.

Rich in Fibre: Tigernuts are an excellent source of dietary fibre, promoting digestive health and contributing to a feeling of fullness.

Healthy Fats: They contain healthy monounsaturated fats and are a source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin E, magnesium, and potassium.

Prebiotic Properties: The fibre in tigernuts acts as a prebiotic, supporting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, which is important for digestive and overall health.

Blueberries

Rich in antioxidants, blueberries are a powerhouse fruit packed with anthocyanins, a type of inflammation-fighting compound that gives them their vibrant colour. These antioxidants help combat oxidative stress that are known causes of chronic disease.

When They Became Superfoods: Blueberries gained prominence as superfoods in the late 20th century as researchers began to uncover their remarkable antioxidant properties and potential health benefits.

Kale

Kale is a nutritional powerhouse, providing an abundance of vitamins A, C, and K, along with minerals like iron and calcium. Its high fibre content supports digestive health.

When It Became a Superfood: Kale surged in popularity as a superfood in the early 2000s, driven by a growing interest in plant-based diets and nutrient-dense foods.

Quinoa

Quinoa is a complete protein source, containing all nine essential amino acids. It's also rich in fibre, magnesium, and various vitamins. The best part? Unlike refined grains like white rice, this grain won’t spike your blood sugars.

When It Became a Superfood: Quinoa gained superfood status in the early 21st century due to its exceptional nutritional profile and suitability for gluten-free diets.

Chia Seeds

Chia seeds are a fantastic plant-based source of omega-3 fatty acids, promoting heart health. They also provide fibre, protein, and essential minerals.

When They Became Superfoods: Chia seeds rose to superfood status in the mid-2010s, fuelled by their nutritional density and versatility in recipes.

Avocado

Avocados are rich in monounsaturated fats, which are heart-healthy and are known to keep us feeling fuller for longer. They also contain potassium, vitamins, and antioxidants for a rounded nutritional profile.

When It Became a Superfood: Avocado's superfood reputation grew steadily from the late 20th century, aligning with increasing awareness of the benefits of incorporating healthy fats into the diet. Say goodbye to the anti-fat campaign of the late 20^th century!

Turmeric

Turmeric contains curcumin, a powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound linked to various health benefits, from potentially reducing the risk for cancer to combatting the symptoms of autoimmune disease, this spice has a powerful reputation.

When It Became a Superfood: Turmeric's rise as a superfood began in the late 20th century as research highlighted its potential therapeutic properties. 

The Superfads

Here are a few examples of foods that experienced hype but may not live up to exaggerated claims:

Agave Nectar: Agave nectar gained popularity as a natural sweetener with a low glycemic index, making it suitable for those seeking alternatives to refined sugar. However, it is high in fructose, particularly concentrated fructose syrup.

Why Not a Superfood: Excessive fructose consumption has been associated with negative health effects, including insulin resistance, fatty liver, and metabolic issues. Agave nectar's high fructose content raises concerns about its impact on health when consumed in large quantities.

Acai Berry: Acai berries were marketed for their antioxidant content, with claims of promoting rapid weight loss and preventing diseases.

Why Not a Superfood: While acai berries are indeed rich in antioxidants, the exaggerated claims about weight loss and disease prevention lack substantial scientific evidence. Acai berries are nutritious but should be viewed as part of a balanced diet rather than a miraculous solution to health issues.

Detox Teas: Detox teas are often promoted for their supposed ability to cleanse the body and aid in weight loss.

Why Not a Superfood: The concept of "detoxing" through teas is misleading, as the body has its natural detoxification mechanisms. Some detox teas may contain laxatives or diuretics, leading to temporary weight loss due to water loss. Prolonged use may have adverse effects on digestive health and hydration.

Noni Juice: Noni juice gained attention for its perceived health-boosting properties.

Why Not a Superfood: Limited scientific evidence supports the health benefits of noni juice. While it contains certain compounds with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, more research is needed to establish its efficacy. Exaggerated claims about noni juice curing various ailments lack strong scientific support.

Lentil Chips: Lentil chips have gained popularity as a healthier alternative to traditional potato chips due to their legume base and higher protein content.

Why Not a Superfood: While lentils are a nutritious source of protein and fiber, the processing involved in making chips often includes added oils, salt, and sometimes preservatives. Additionally, portion control is crucial as overconsumption can lead to excess calorie intake.

Vegan Cheese: Vegan cheese has become a staple for those following plant-based diets, offering a dairy-free alternative with various flavours and textures.

Why Not a Superfood: Many commercial vegan cheeses contain processed ingredients to achieve the desired taste and texture. Some may be high in saturated fats or additives. While plant-based options can be a part of a balanced diet, it's essential to choose varieties with minimal processing and moderate consumption.

It's crucial for consumers to approach food and beverage trends with scepticism, especially when extraordinary health claims are made. A balanced and varied diet, rich in a diverse array of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, is the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. Consulting with healthcare professionals or registered dieticians for personalised nutrition advice is recommended – after all, everyone’s body is different. 

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